Cimmerians Reviewed

New Research by J.B. Oosthuizen, 17 September 2025, 24 Elul 5785.

Reviewed:
"The Cimmero-Scythian Origin Theory for
the Celto-Germanic Peoples:
Novel Archaeological and Genetic
Evidence."
29.08.2025
by
Johan Bauke Oosthuizen

This work was brought to our attention by Brit-Am supporter Mark Williams.
The essay discusses archaeological findings and historical sources.
His claims are not much different from our own but here and there are some differences and on some points he has more detail.
His emphasis on Sacasene in Armenia as the starting point of the Scythians as we know them has some value.
His clear distinction between the Scythians and the later Sarmatians is also useful.
His approach is that of Classical British Israel in the Raymond Capt (whom he quotes) tradition.
He seems to suggest that the most "pure" Cimmerians were those who settled as Galatae in Germany.
There were Israelites from the lost Ten Tribes in Germany but our impression is that they mostly out.
His depiction of the Cimmerian-Scythians merging with the early Galatian-Celts is similar to our own,
in 'Lost Israelite identity," "Ancestry", earlier editions of "The Tribes", and our 4-volume commentary to the Book of Hosea.
We merited to add direct Biblical Evidence to the equation of the Cimmerian-Scythian- Celts with the exiled Israelites.

The author distinguishes between
"Archaeological "Cimmerians", Archaological "Scythians",
and Historical Cimmerians, Historical Scythians.

## It can be shown (A) that the historical Cimmerians do not equate to the Chernogorovka-
Novocherkassk (C-N) complex, (B) that the Cimmerians migrated east to west,
from Media into Anatolia in the late 8th and early 7th c. BC, thereafter migrating to
the Steppe for the first time before the middle of the 7th c. BC, carrying with them
artefacts later mis-classified as 'Early Scythian', and (C) that Herodotus,
- Scythian primarily correspond to the Classical Scythian horizon, while (D) the
'Late Scythian' phase belongs archaeologically and historically to the Sarmatians.

## A. The historical Cimmerians do not equate to the Chernogorovka-
Novocherkassk (C-N) complex.
1. C.N complex spans c. 900-650 BC on the Pontic steppe (Chernogorovka
phase 900-750 BC; Novocherkassk phase 750-650 BC). Develops locally on
the Steppe from preceding cultures.
Historical Cimmerians first appear in Assyrian sources by 714 BC in Media,
then in Anatolia (Gordion J, Imirler) between 690-620 BC, first invading
Anatolia (Geography 1.2.9) during or just before the time of Homer (which
can be fixed to 688-685 BC, via his contemporary Archilochus who was
active during the 23rd Olympiad (688-685 BC)), then on the Steppe shortly
afterward, before 650 BC (Geography 1.1.10, 1.3.21).
Conclusion: The C.N complex is largely over by the time Cimmerians,
coming from Media (c. 714 BC) and Anatolia, first set foot on the Steppe;
thus, the archaeological 'Cimmerians' are not the same as the historical
ones.
Conclusion: The Historical Cimmerians moved from the east in Media, west
into Anatolia, then north onto the Steppe, the exact opposite of an
indigenous Steppe origin.

Author locates origin of "real" Scythians in Sacasene of Armenia.

#- "The Early so-called 'Scythian' culture, properly labelled Cimmero-Scythian
culture, did not properly cement itself in the Steppe until the mid-7th c. BC,
having first arisen over half a century earlier in West Asia, exactly as attested to
by the historical evidence, only arising in the Steppe as a result of a Northwards
migration from West Asia/the Near East to the Steppe, through an Anatolian and
Caucasian route, exactly as attested in the historical record. " #

Cimmerians and Sctythians give rise to early Celitc (Halstatt and LaTene) Civilization in the west.

# What must now be shown is that, as a result of the Westward expansion, and
expulsion by the Historical Scythians, from the Steppe, of the Historical
Cimmerians in the latter half of the 7th and first half of the 6th c. BC, respectively,
and the later migrations of the Historical Scythians during and after the second half
of the 6th c. BC, the Historical Cimmero-Scythians became integrally involved in
the formation of the La Tene culture through their fusion with Hallstatt elements,
particularly in the context of the Jastorf culture, which must be shown to represent
a northern offshoot of the mixed cultural milieu, with its novel Cimmero-Scythian
elements, that was the early/proto-La Tene A/Late Hallstatt D phase. #