"On One Leg."
Brit-Am Rabbinical and Related Sources.
Contents:
1. "On One Leg."
2. Outline of Biblical Proofs Concerning the Lost Ten Tribes.
3. Biblical Prophecy: Obadiah, Ten Tribes in France and Britain, and the North.
4. Gomer and the Lost Ten Tribes.
5. The Ten Tribes did not keep the Torah!
6. Ten Tribes were Exiled but not scattered as Judah was.
7. Predicted Hebrew Islands.
8. The British Isles and the Bible. The Prophecy of Balaam.
9. Josephus and Balaam.
10. Afriki.
11. Tribal Characteristics. Zebulon.
12. Messiah ben Yosef.
13. Related Articles.
14. Rabbi Menasseh ben Israel.
15. Rabbinical Etymology.
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1. "On One Leg."
The famous Sage Hillel was once requested to summarize the Torah while standing on one leg. He stood on one leg and said:
"WHAT IS HATEFUL TO YOU, DO NOT DO TO YOUR NEIGHBOR. THAT IS THE WHOLE TORAH; THE REST IS THE EXPLANATION OF THIS GO AND STUDY IT!" (Talmud, Shabbat 33a).
https://www.chabad.org/library/article_cdo/aid/689306/jewish/On-One-Foot.htm
"On One Leg" has come to mean "explain as concisely as possible."
We have proven that the Lost Ten Tribes are to be found among Western Peoples.
Our proofs are derived from Scripture.
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2. Outline of Biblical Proofs Concerning the Lost Ten Tribes.
The exiled Israelites were to become one of the most numerous groups of people on earth (Genesis 15:5, 22:17, 24:60, 32:12, Numbers 23:10, Deuteronomy 1:11, Isaiah 10:22, 24:16, 26:15, Hosea 1:10); to be the most powerful (Genesis 27:9, Numbers 24:7, Michah 5:7-9), to be the richest, to possess the most mineral and agricultural resources (Genesis 27:28, 49:25, Deuteronomy 33:13-16, Hosea 2:8), to live in the best places (Isaiah 41:8-9), to be in islands (Isaiah 42:4, 49:1-6 Jeremiah 31:9-10), peninsulas (Jeremiah 31:8), and at continental extremities (Deuteronomy 33:13, Isaiah 24:16, 26:15, 41:8-9, 49:6), to be sea-farers (Isaiah 42:6). They were to be found especially to the north (Jeremiah 3:18, 31: 6-10) and northwest (Isaiah 49:12), and west of the Land of Israel (Isaiah 24:14, Hosea 1:10), associated with the Atlantic Ocean area (Isaiah 60:9) with an outlier in the south in Australia and New Zealand ("Land of Sinim," Isaiah 49:12), to gain control over strategic points regarding their potential adversaries (Genesis 22:16-17, 24:60), to be like a lion, and unicorn (Numbers 24:8-9), and bald-headed eagle (Micah 1:16). They were also to be largely unaware of their Israelite identity and to practice a non--Jewish religion (Hosea 2:8, 2:13, 2:16 11:12). Judah in the End Times would not know who they were (Isaiah 49:21). Scripture gives numerous other identifying characteristics that taken as a whole can only fit THE one group of people that were to be found in Western Europe especially in Britain and its offshoots in North America, etc.
We also have much evidence from Historical, Linguistic, and related sources.
In addition to all this Rabbinical Commentaries and Traditions help confirm our findings.
Rabbinical Commentators including some of the most revered of them all, such as Rashi, Nachmanides, Targum Yehonatan, etc. confirm that the Biblical Sources we quite from REALLY do pertain to the Lost Ten Tribes.
This may be seen be referring to our explanations of the said sources.
In addition to that:
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3. Biblical Prophecy: Obadiah, Ten Tribes in France and Britain, and the North.
Obadiah (NKJV) 1:
20 AND THE CAPTIVES OF THIS HOST OF THE CHILDREN OF ISRAEL SHALL POSSESS THE LAND OF THE CANAANITES AS FAR AS ZAREPHATH. THE CAPTIVES OF JERUSALEM WHO ARE IN SEPHARAD SHALL POSSESS THE CITIES OF THE SOUTH.
The "Aramaic Bible in Plain English" (ARPE) in this case (but not necessarily In others) captures the Hebrew Original text in the same way as it was understood by the Rabbis:
Obadiah (ARPE) 1:
20 AND THIS FIRST CAPTIVITY OF THE CHILDREN OF ISRAEL THAT IS FROM CANAAN, AND UNTO TSAREPTA AND THE CAPTIVITY OF JERUSALEM WHO ARE IN ESPANIA, THEY SHALL INHERIT THE CITIES OF THE SOUTH.
Rashi (1040-1105):
# "THE FIRST EXILE OF THE CHILDREN OF ISRAEL WHO WERE EXILED FROM THE TEN TRIBES TO THE LAND OF CANAANITES UNTO TSAREPHATH... THE COMMENTATORS SAY THAT "TSAREPHATH" MEANS THE KINGDOM CALLED `FRANCE' IN EVERYDAY SPEECH... #
It should be noted that according to the context Obadiah is speaking here of the End Times and of a final show-down between the arch enemy Esau and of Joseph representing the Lost Ten Tribes.
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Ramban (Nachmanides, Rabbi Mosheh ben Nachman, 1194-1270, Spain; from "The Book of Redemption", chapter 1.):
"THE VISION OF OBADIAH ...THE HOUSE OF JOSEPH REFERS TO THE TEN TRIBES ...WHO WERE EXILED AND STILL ARE IN THEIR PLACE OF EXILE, THE EXILE OF TSAREPHATH AND CANAAN WHICH ARE IN THE FARTHEST NORTH..."
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Don Isaac ben Yehudah Abarbanel, (1437-1508, Spain):
"TSARAPHATH IS FRANCE AND SO TOO THE EXILE OF SEPHARAD IS SPAIN.. AND LET YOU NOT ERR JUST BECAUSE TSARAPHATH [i.e. France] IS SPOKEN OF AND ANGLETERRE [i.e. England] IS NOT RECALLED, FOR THERE TOO DID THE EXILES GO, FOR LO AND BEHOLD, THAT ISLAND IS CONSIDERED A PART OF TSARAPHATH AND IN THE BEGINNING BELONGED TO IT AND IN THEIR ANCIENT BOOKS THEY CALL IT THE ISLE OF TSAREPHATH [i.e. France] EVEN THOUGH IT LATER SEPARATED ITSELF FROM TSAREPHATH [France] AND BECAME A KINGDOM IN ITS OWN RIGHT.
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4. Gomer and the Lost Ten Tribes.
In a separate study we have shown how the Book of Hosea describes the union of the exiled Ten Tribes with elements from Gomer the son of Japhet.
These became part of the Celtic and Germanic Peoples who at first were in the Middle East and from there moved to the north and West of Europe. They migrated in alliance with the Ten Tribes who moved with them.
The Prophet Hosea describes this as exemplified by his own marriage with a loose woman also named Gomer and her three children who are presented as symbolizing three different divisions of the Ten Tribes in exile.
Judah (i.e. the Jews) is expressly excluded from the equation.
Hosea 1 (NLT):
7 BUT I WILL SHOW LOVE TO THE PEOPLE OF JUDAH. I WILL FREE THEM FROM THEIR ENEMIES NOT WITH WEAPONS AND ARMIES OR HORSES AND CHARIOTEERS, BUT BY MY POWER AS THE LORD THEIR GOD.
Rabbi Yisroel Alter (1895-1977) in his work "Beis Yisroel" (VeYechi, 5710 ca. 1950-51), Genesis 47:28) wrote that the Children of Israel, especially as associated with Joseph, were known as 'Gomer' and as 'Gomerites.' Gomer is the name given by the Assyrians to the Cimmerian Federation that rebelled against them and from whom the Celts, and Scythians, and Goths emerged, and migrated to the west. Gomer originally had been one of the sons of Japhet but they joined unto the exiled tribes of Israel who became associated with them.
The Ten Tribes became confederate with the Cimmerian Federation which was identified by the Assyrians and others as "Gomer." It was as part of this Gomerite Federation that the Ten Tribes moved to Western Europe.
The identification of the Ten Tribes with Gomer is found in the Bible in the Book of Hosea chapters 1 and 2.
Hosea refers to the Lost Ten Tribes as Children of a woman named Gomer with whom he had children and each child is depicted as personifying another aspect of the Exiled Israelites.
See:
GOMER is a Name of Israelites!
According to Rabbi Yisroel Alter ("Beis Yisroel"), Rabbi of Gur!
https://www.britam.org/GOMER2.html
Sambation, Clouds of Darkness.
https://hebrewnations.com/articles/rabbi/sambation/clouds.html
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5. The Ten Tribes did not keep the Torah!
Midrash Pirkei d'Rabbi Eliezer
# IT WAS THE CUSTOM IN ISRAEL . (i.e. of Judah and the Ten Tribes) TO CIRCUMCISE UP UNTIL THE TIME THEY DIVIDED INTO TWO KINGDOMS. THE KINGDOM OF EPHRAIM PREVENTED CIRCUMCISION.. #
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6. Ten Tribes were Exiled but not scattered as Judah was.
Midrash
"AND YOU SHALL BE LOST [PERISH] [VA-ABADTEM] AMONG THE NATIONS" , RABBI AKIVA SAYS THESE ARE THE TEN TRIBES WHO WERE EXILED TO MEDIA. OTHERS SAY "AND BE LOST[PERISH] [VA-ABADTEM] AMONG THE NATIONS", THERE IS NO "BEING LOST", OTHER THAN EXILE. COULD IT BE THAT "AND BE LOST [PERISH] [VA-ABADTEM]" MEANS ACTUALLY PERISHING? WHEN IT SAYS , AND "THE LAND OF YOUR ENEMIES SHALL DEVOUR YOU", THEN ACTUAL LOSS [PERISHING] IS MEANT. I MAINTAIN THAT WHEN IT SAYS "YOU SHALL BE LOST AMONG THE NATIONS", BY "BE LOST" IT CAN ONLY MEAN EXILE (Midrash Sifra, Bechukotai Deuteronomy 8).
The Malbim (Rabbi Meir Leibush ben Yehiel Michel Wisser, 1809 1879, Eastern Europe) says:
# I EXPLAINED IN MY COMMENTARY .... (Isaiah 11:12) THAT THE TEN TRIBES ARE NOT SCATTERED ONLY OUTCAST [Hebrew: "NIDACH" MEANING "OUTCAST OR DRIVEN OUT"] TO WHERE WE KNOW NOT AND ONLY NEED TO BE GATHERED IN.
https://hebrewnations.com/articles/rabbi/sources.html
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7. Predicted Hebrew Islands.
A great Jewish Rabbinical authority, the Hatam Sofer (1762-1839) , opined that Western Europe, and the Atlantic Ocean area including the British Isles in the future will be part of the Land of Israel.
See:
Were the British Isles and North America Promised to Become Israelite?
https://hebrewnations.com/articles/rabbi/sofer.html
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8. The British Isles and the Bible. The Prophecy of Balaam
Balaam (Numbers 22:2-25:9) prophesied concerning Israel. He foresaw the future division between Judah and the Ten Tribes (Numbers 23:7). The Israelites would be a nation counted Alone and not with other peoples. They would not be subject to the same limitations as the others are (23:9). They would be above the other peoples though bearing heavier responsibilities.
They would be an innumerous people, a very great multitude (23:10). They were to receive an unconditional blessing (23:8,19-20). A portion of them would be governed by a monarch (23:21). Their symbols would include a lion (23:24 24:9) and unicorn (23:22, 24:8) like the British Coat of Arms. They were to dwell according to their Tribes (Numbers 24:2), and in fertile rich areas (24:6), to be in many waters, in every sea, and to rule the waves (24:7). They would become the most powerful national grouping in world history (24:7). They would defeat Edomite nations such as Germany and Japan (24:9).
The Kenites (Rechabites) would be exiled along with the Ten Tribes and return alongside them (24:22 see Rashi).
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9. Josephus and Balaam
Josephus in his paraphrase of the Prophecy of Balaam, gives the prophecy as saying:
# THE MULTITUDE OF YOUR POSTERITY ALSO SHALL LIVE AS WELL IN THE ISLANDS AS ON THE CONTINENT, AND THAT MORE IN NUMBER THAN ARE THE STARS OF HEAVEN. #
This to our mind would be a reference to the British Isles and associated peoples.
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10. Afriki.
A Talmudic source (Talmud Sanhedrin 94) says the Lost Ten Tribes were exiled to Afriki.
Francis Wilford (1761-1822) based on Ancient Greek sources says that the term "Afriki" could also have been applied to the West Atlantic shoreline including the British Isles and Western Europe.
See:
Afriki
https://hebrewnations.com/articles/rabbi/afriki.html
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11. Tribal Characteristics. Zebulon.
Each of the Tribes had its own Individual Characteristics. These are described in Biblical and Rabbinical Sources.
For instance concerning Zebulon it was prophesied.
Moses blessed Zebulon: that he should:
"SUCK OF THE ABUNDANCE OF THE SEAS AND OF TREASURES HID IN THE SANDS" (Deuteronomy 33:19).
Genesis 49:
13 ZEBULUN SHALL SETTLE AT THE SHORE OF THE SEA;
HE SHALL BE A HAVEN FOR SHIPS,
AND HIS BORDER SHALL BE AT SIDON.
The HEBREW original may be preferably translated as "dwell on the SHORES of the Sea" ("be-Hof-yamim"). The only nation in the world whose population is known for dwelling extensively on reclaimed sea-land, literally, "ON THE SHORES OF THE SEA", is Holland. This description applies in some way or other to up to two-thirds of the Dutch people. The area of the Netherlands had been populated by peoples from Frisia who moved in and reclaimed the area from the sea. Among these peoples Ptolemy (100s CE) recorded a group named "Sabalingoi" whose name means "People of Zebulon".
Zebulon
https://hebrewnations.com/articles/tribes/netherlands/zebnether.html
The border of Zebulon was to be at Sidon.
In ancient times the area of northwest Germany was settled by Phoenicians from Sidon in what is now Lebanon.
They gave rise to a sea-going Phoenician type civilization that in the Middle Ages became known as the 'Hanseatic League.'
It included the cities of Hamburg, Bremen, and Lubeck.
In this region had once dwelt the 'Cannenfates' whose name implies "League of Canaanites." So too the settlement of Caudinge ("Sauding"?) gave rise to Hamburg and had probably been named after "Sidon."
Other names in the area also recall Sidon.
Theo Vennemann studied the presence of Phoenicians (derived from Sidon) and Carthaginians (of Phoenician origin) in this area.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theo_Vennemann
Each and every one of the Ten Tribes may be in individually traced to polities in western Europe by comparing their Hebrew Names and the meanings of these names along with national characteristics as described in Scripture and by the Sages.
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12. Messiah ben Yosef.
In the End Times there will arise TWO Messiahs:
Messiah ben David (MBD) according to the |Malbim (and nearly all others) will lead the Jews of Judah.
Messiah ben Yoseph (MBJ) will lead the Lost Ten Tribes headed by Joseph, Ephraim and Manaseh
According to the sources MBJ leads the Ten Tribes, defeats Edom (probably European entities), he begins to lead the Ten Tribes back, initiates reconciliation with Judah, helps Judah resettle the Land and build it up (as the British and the Americans have already done),
and possibly rebuilds the Temple.
MBD completes the process began by MBJ. Each and every Israelite receives confirmation of their Tribal Identity.
Maimonides:
IN THE TIME OF THE KING MESSIAH, WHEN HIS KINGDOM SHALL BE SETTLED AND ALL ISRAEL GATHERED INTO HIM, HE WILL ESTABLISH THE FAMILY RELATIONSHIP OF EVERYONE ACCORDING TO THE DIVINE SPIRIT OF INSPIRATION UPON HIM. AS IT SAYS, AND HE SHALL SIT AS A REFINER AND PURIFIER OF SILVER: AND HE BEGINS WITH THE TRIBE OF LEVI, AS IT SAYS AND HE SHALL PURIFY THE SONS OF LEVI, AND PURGE THEM [Malachi 3:3] AND HE ONLY ESTABLISHES THE FAMILY RELATIONSHIP OF ISRAEL ACCORDING TO THEIR TRIBES. HE MAKES KNOWN WHO BELONGS TO THIS TRIBE AND WHO BELONGS TO THAT ONE.
Rambam: The Laws of Kings and Their Wars, chapter twelve, item 6.
According to Rabbi Mosheh David Valle (1697-1777) the task of Ephraim was to become like the Gentiles and reform them from inside.
Hosea 13:
1 WHEN EPHRAIM SPOKE, TREMBLING,
HE WAS EXALTED IN ISRAEL.
BUT HE INCURRED GUILT THROUGH BAAL WORSHIP AND HE DIED.
Ephraim is a power in the world. Rabbi Valle says that all mankind is influenced through Ephraim. When Ephraim transgresses in his deeds and opinions he engenders division and contention to themselves and to all of Israel. This is what is meant by the expression "trembling" (Hosea 13:1). In Hebrew the word is "retet." It connotes "reverbation." When Ephraim speaks or acts it has a resonating effect on the rest of Israel.
Rabbi Valle comments:
# IT IS A KNOWN MATTER THAT ISRAEL DID NOT DESCEND INTO THE REALMS OF POLLUTION OTHER THAN FOR THE NEED TO CLARIFY HIS DESTINY. HE NEEDED TO FULFILL THE WILL OF GOD AND REFORM THE WORLD THROUGH REDIRECTING ITS FORCES. WHEN THIS IS DONE, THEY SHALL RETURN TO THEIR SOURCE. THERE WILL BE NO NEED TO REMAIN IN THAT SITUATION ANY MORE. THIS IS THE MEANING OF, 'EPHRAIM SHALL SAY, 'WHAT HAVE I TO DO ANYMORE WITH IDOLS?'" (Hosea 14:8). #
Rabbi Avraham Isaac HaKohen Kook (1865-1935) expounded on this matters several times (see "Eulogy to Theodore Herzl") and associated the task of Ephraim explained above to MBJ.
The Lost Ten Tribes and especially Britain and its Empire and the USA have fulfilled the tasks attributed to Ephraim in general and to MBJ in particular.
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13. Related Articles:
The Sages Affirmed it!
https://hebrewnations.com/articles/rabbi/sages.html
Rabbinical Acceptance? Why are Brit-Am Proofs not Related to by Other Jews?
https://hebrewnations.com/articles/sources/whynot.html
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14. Rabbi Menasseh ben Israel
Rabbi Menasseh ben Israel, 1604-1657, understood for different reasons that the Lost Ten Tribes in his time were to be found in America, and elsew
here. Concerning America, he was mistaken. The Lost Ten Tribes were to reach North America much later. They are there now. Nevertheless, the Biblical Verses Menasseh used to support his claim are valid. They do refer to the Lost Ten Tribes. And they do indicate the Lost Ten Tribes would be in America as well as in other places.
Manasseh says that Isaiah 60:9 may be understood to refer to the West Indies because it lies in the midst of the Ocean and has many islands.
Jeremiah (NKJV) 31:
10 HEAR THE WORD OF THE LORD, O NATIONS,
AND DECLARE IT IN THE ISLES AFAR OFF, AND SAY,
"HE WHO SCATTERED ISRAEL WILL GATHER HIM,
AND KEEP HIM AS A SHEPHERD DOES HIS FLOCK."
Manassseh quotes:
Psalms 97:
1 THE LORD REIGNS;
LET THE EARTH REJOICE;
LET THE MULTITUDE OF ISLES BE GLAD
to which he comments:
# Where part of the Ten Tribes do dwell unknown unto this day.
Menasseh explains "Islands" to be some place in the Atlantic Ocean. By the same token the British Isles and Ireland could also be intended.
Isaiah (JPS Tanakh 1917) 60:
9 SURELY THE ISLES SHALL WAIT FOR ME, AND THE SHIPS OF TARSHISH FIRST, TO BRING THY SONS FROM FAR, THEIR SILVER AND THEIR GOLD WITH THEM, FOR THE NAME OF THE LORD THY GOD, AND FOR THE HOLY ONE OF ISRAEL, BECAUSE HE HATH GLORIFIED THEE.
Isaiah 11:
11 It shall come to pass in that day
That the LORD shall set His hand again the second time
To recover the remnant of His people who are left,
From Assyria and Egypt,
From Pathros and Cush,
From Elam and Shinar,
From Hamath and the islands of the sea.
Menesseh says:
# ....The Islands of the Sea, so most translate it; but I think it is to be rendered The Islands of the West, for ("YAM") in Holy Scripture signifies "The West," as in Genesis 28:14, and in many other places; and upon this account those Israelites are implied, who are westward from the Holy Land, among whom the Americans are.
See:
Hebrew America -2
Menasseh ben Israel and America Today
https://hebrewnations.com/articles/america/america2.html
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15. Rabbinical Etymology.
Another way in which Rabbinical sources corroborate Brit-Am findings is through Commentaries and explanations of Hebrew Names.
For instance, Rabbi Shimshon Rafael Hirsch (1808-1888) explained the name "Menessah" (son of Joseph) to connote "Responsible Representation" which is the foundation of the US Constitution. Machir the first born son of Manasseh and his offshootsd "He-Machiri" in Medieval Latin became the name "Americo" and America was named after Americo Vespucci.