Brit-Am Research Sources
Contents:
1. Tin from Cornwall and Devon (Britain) in Ancient Israel!
The enigma of bronze age tin by Heidelberg University
2. More on Tin from Cornwall and Devon (Britain) in Ancient Israel!
How Britannia ruled the waves in the Bronze Age: 3,000-year-old tin ingots from Devon and Cornwall found in Israel reveal island's ancient trade routes dating back to 1,300 BC by JOHN BENNETT
3. Ancient Jews Spoke Gaelic, is New Theory (article from archives of 1917)
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1. Tin from Cornwall and Devon (Britain) in Ancient Israel!
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The enigma of bronze age tin
by Heidelberg University
https://phys.org/news/2019-09-enigma-bronze-age-tin.html
Extracts:
The origin of the tin used in the Bronze Age has long been one of the greatest enigmas in archaeological research. Now researchers from Heidelberg University and the Curt Engelhorn Centre for Archaeometry in Mannheim have solved part of the puzzle. Using methods of the natural sciences, they examined the tin from the second millennium BCE found at archaeological sites in Israel, Turkey, and Greece. They were able to prove that this tin in the form of ingots does not come from Central Asia, as previously assumed, but from tin deposits in Europe. The findings are proof that even in the Bronze Age, complex and far-reaching trade routes must have existed between Europe and the Eastern Mediterranean. Highly appreciated raw materials like tin as well as amber, glass, and copper were the driving forces of this early international trade network.
Bronze, an alloy of copper and tin, was already being produced in the Middle East, Anatolia, and the Aegean in the late fourth and third millennia BCE. Knowledge on its production spread quickly across wide swaths of the Old World. "Bronze was used to make weapons, jewellery, and all types of daily objects, justifiably bequeathing its name to an entire epoch. The origin of tin has long been an enigma in archaeological research," explains Prof. Dr. Ernst Pernicka, who until his retirement worked at both the Institute for Earth Sciences of Heidelberg University as well as the Curt Engelhorn Centre for Archaeometry. "Tin objects and deposits are rare in Europe and Asia. The Eastern Mediterranean region, where some of the objects we studied originated, had practically none of its own deposits. So the raw material in this region must have been imported," explained the researcher.
Metals traded in ingot form are particularly valuable for research because questions of origin can be targeted specifically. Using lead and tin isotope data as well as trace element analysis, the Heidelberg-Mannheim research team led by Prof. Pernicka and Dr. Daniel Berger examined the tin ingots found in Turkey, Israel, and Greece. This allowed them to verify that this tin really did derive from tin deposits in Europe. The tin artefacts from Israel, for example, largely match tin from Cornwall and Devon (Great Britain). "These results specifically identify the origin of tin metal for the first time and therefore give rise to new insights and questions for archaeological research," adds Dr. Berger, who conducts research at the Curt Engelhorn Centre for Archaeometry.
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2. More on Tin from Cornwall and Devon (Britain) in Ancient Israel!
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How Britannia ruled the waves in the Bronze Age: 3,000-year-old tin ingots from Devon and Cornwall found in Israel reveal island's ancient trade routes dating back to 1,300 BC
By JOHN BENNETT
https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-7466289/3-000-year-old-tin-ingots-Cornwall-Israel-reveal-islands-ancient-trade-routes.html
Forwarded by:
Al Ramsay
Scientists have discovered 3000-year-old tin in Israel was made in Cornwall
The Bronze Age samples prove the existence of maritime trade around 1,300 BC
Tin and copper were highly prized materials that drove the trade development
New evidence has surfaced suggesting that the British Isles had developed maritime trade routes with the rest of the world as early as the Bronze Age.
Researchers at Heidelburg University in Germany have discovered that 3000-year-old tin ingots found in Israel are actually from Cornwall and Devon.
The ingots, which date back to around 1,300 BC, were also found at archaeological sites in Turkey and Greece.
The findings are proof that complex and far-reaching trade routes must have existed between Europe and the Eastern Mediterranean as far back as the Bronze Age.
Some of the studied tin ingots from the sea off the coast of Israel, dated to approximately 1300-1200 BCE
Raw materials like tin as well as amber, glass, and copper were highly appreciated and the driving forces of this early international trade network.
Dr Ernst Pernicka, a retired professor from Heidelberg University, said: 'Bronze was used to make weapons, jewellery, and all types of daily objects, justifiably bequeathing its name to an entire epoch.
'The origin of tin has long been an enigma in archaeological research. Tin objects and deposits are rare in Europe and Asia.'
'The Eastern Mediterranean region, where some of the objects we studied originated, had practically none of its own deposits, so the raw material in this region must have been imported.'
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A map of the Eurasian continent, which shows the significantly low dispersal of tin deposits in the area the ingots were found in
Metals traded in block form, such as tin ingots, are particularly valuable for researchers because they can target questions of their origin more specifically.
Scientists solved the puzzle by examining the objects, analysing the make-up of lead and tin as well as small amounts of trace elements.
This allowed them to verify that ingots largely matched sample tin from Cornwall and Devon.
Dr Daniel Berger, a researcher at the Curt Engelhorn Centre for Archaeometry in Germany who also conducted the study, said the findings give rise to new insights for future research.
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3. Ancient Jews Spoke Gaelic, is New Theory (article from archives of 1917)
https://www.jta.org/1934/07/11/archive/ancient-jews-spoke-gaelic-is-new-theory
Extracts:
'It is rather remarkable,' says the News article, 'that throughout the Old and New Testament the language of the Jews is never once mentioned. The prophet Isaiah alone gives an indication when he states that the Jews spoke the language of Canaan (Isaiah ix, 18), and the question then arises as to what the language was spoken by the Canaanites?'
The author goes on to show the similarity between place-names in Palestine and Gaelic terms. 'Og was king of the Amorites, and Endrei was his capital in Bashan. We are told by Josephus, the Jewish historian, that this town was also called Aadrei. In Scotland at the present day either of these words may be used to indicate 'cattle king,' a strong proof that the language of the Scots and the Amorites were the same.'
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