24 July 2026, 10 Av 5786.
Contents::
1. V1. Venice. Additions to ARTICLE.
History and Geography. Padua.
2. New Article.
Isaiah-58. Knowledge
Do Justice, Keeping the Sabbath.
Rabbi Feld and his brothers.
3. Hosea (TCB) 3,
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1. Venice. Additions to ARTICLE.
History and Geography. Padua
https://hebrewnations.com/articles/peoples/venice.html
The government of Venice was through a Senate and selected leaders in a system similar to that of the Ancient Romans.
Venice also had colonies along the shores of the Black Sea and in the Crimea.
Much valuable booty was brought back to Venice from Constantiple including valuable manuscripts.
Vasco da Gama (c. 1460s - 1524) from Portugal discovered the first direct maritime route between Europe and India via the Cape of Good Hope and across the Indian Ocean from Malindi in Kenya to Kozhikode (India). This opened up European exploration of, and commerce with, India, and the East. After Da Gama's first voyage (1497-1499) Portugal became Europe's principal intermediary in the trade with the East by sailing around the Cape of Good Hope. There was less need for Venice.
The Battle of Lepanto was a naval engagement that took place on 7 October 1571 when a fleet of the Holy League, a coalition of Catholic states arranged by Pope Pius V and led by the navies of the Spanish Empire and the Republic of Venice, inflicted a major defeat on the fleet of the Ottoman Empire.
The Black Death followed by other plagues eliminated a good portion of the Venetian population. In 1630, the Italian plague of 1629 - 31 killed a third of Venice's 150,000 citizens.
Meanwhile the relative importance of Venice had already declined.
Nevertheless, Venice even after this change Venice was nearly always relatively prosperous.
Venice remained a major exporter of agricultural products and, until the mid-1700s century, a significant manufacturing centre.
The first complete and uncensored printed edition of the Talmud was printed in Venice by Daniel Bomberg in 1523. A complete edition (which still exists) was sent to Henry-8 of England
Histrionic Venice played an impressive role for quite a while.
Venice Today.
Wikipedia sums it up for us:
# In the 21st century, Venice remains a very popular tourist destination and a major cultural centre, and has often been ranked one of the most beautiful cities in the world. It has been described by The Times as one of Europe's most romantic cities and by The New York Times as "undoubtedly the most beautiful city built by man". However, the city faces challenges, including overtourism, pollution, tide peaks, and cruise ships sailing too close to buildings.
7. The City of Padua.
Padua is an important city about 25 miles from Venice.
According to Tradition Padua was founded by Antenor who led a group of Trojans and their Paphlagonian (in Western Anatolia) allies, the Eneti or Veneti, to settle the Euganean plain in Italy. This was the beginning of Venice, Padua, and other areas.
Padua came under the rule of the Republic of Venice in 1405, and mostly remained that way until the fall of the republic in 1797.
The scientists Nicolaus Copernicus (1473--1543) and Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) and taught or studied. in the University of Padua,
In Padua lived and learn the RAMCHAL (Moshe Chaim Luzzatto 1707-1746(, and Rabbi Moshe David Valley (1697-1776). The two knew each other and learned from one another.
Luzzato authored "The Wat of the Just" (Mesillat Yesharim 1740. This is an ethical treatise that presents a step-by-step process by which every person can overcome the inclination to sin and might eventually experience a divine inspiration similar to prophecy. This work was very important in the History of Orthodox Judaism.
He also wrote other books of importance.
Valley wrote, or was associated, a commentary on the Bible containing insights of value.
See: RABBIS QUOTED.
https://hebrewnations.com/articles/sources/rabbisquoted.html
ABARBANEL
MORE ABOUT ABARBANEL IN VENICE.
Isaac ben Judah Abarbanel (1437-1508) was born nin Portugal. At the age of 20 King Afonso V of Portugal, employed him as treasurer. in 1483 he fled to Castile in Spain. He worked on the finances of Isabella-1 until the Jews were expelled from Spain and he moved to Naples on Italy. He movedcvwith the King of Naples to Messina in Sicily then to Corfu in Greece, and from there to Venice.
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Extract:
Preference for republics: Impressed by the governance of Venetian and Italian city-states of his era, Abarbanel used 1 Samuel 8 to argue that short-term, elected representative governments are halachically and practically superior to any monarchy.
AI
Isaac Abarbanel settled in Venice in 1503, where he spent his final years focusing on diplomacy and biblical commentaries before passing away in 1508.
Final Years and Diplomacy
Arrival: He moved to Venice in 1503 after fleeing political turmoil and French invasions in Naples.
Trade Negotiations: He used his high-level financial expertise to successfully help negotiate a commercial agreement regarding the spice trade between Venice and Portugal.
Scholarly Work: Devoted his remaining time to writing extensive and renowned Jewish biblical commentaries.
Death and Legacy
Passing: He died in Venice in 1508 at the age of 71, receiving an honorable funeral attended by local civic and religious leaders.
Burial: Transported and buried in nearby Padua next to Rabbi Judah Minz, though the grave was later lost during the 1509 Siege of Padua.
Abarbanel wrote copious commentaries on most books of the Bible as well as other works on Jewish Philosophy. Apart from his verbosity his style is modern in manner and still relevant today.
Don Isaac Abravanel wrote that his family claimed descent from King David.
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2. New Article.
Isaiah-58. Knowledge
Do Justice, Keeping the Sabbath.
Rabbi Feld and his brothers.
https://hebrewnations.com/articles/bible/isaiah/isa58.html
Note. Most of this article was written a good few years ago but for some reason it was never published, Nevertheless it is still valid.
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3. Hosea (TCB) 3:
1 AND THE LORD SAID TO ME: GO AGAIN, LOVE A WOMAN BELOVED BY HER COMPANION, YET AN ADULTERESS, LIKE THE LOVE OF THE LORD OF THE CHILDREN OF ISRAEL, WHO TURN TO OTHER GODS, AND LOVE GOBLETS OF GRAPES.
2 AND I BOUGHT HER FOR ME FOR FIFTEEN PIECES OF SILVER, AND A 'CHOMER' OF BARLEY AND A 'LETHECH' OF BARLEY.
3 AND I SAID TO HER: 'YOU SHALL REMAIN AS MINE FOR MANY DAYS; YOU SHALL NOT PLAY THE HARLOT, AND YOU SHALL NOT BELONG TO ANOTHER MAN; SO WILL I BE TOWARDS YOU.
4 FOR THE CHILDREN OF ISRAEL SHALL REMAIN FOR MANY DAYS, HAVING NEITHER KING, NOR PRINCE, NOR SACRIFICE, NOR PILLAR, NOR EPHOD NOR TERAPHIM.
5 AFTERWARDS SHALL THE CHILDREN OF ISRAEL RETURN, AND SEEK THE LORD THEIR GOD AND DAVID THEIR KING, AND THEY SHALL COME TREMBLING TO THE LORD AND TO HIS GOODNESS AT THE END OF DAYS.
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