Linguistic Evidence helps trace descendants of Edom.
Brit-Am Note:
Veteran readers of our books and articles will recognize familiar names and identifications in the article below.
In our works on the Ten Tribes, the Khazars, Edom and Esau, we mentioned the presence of Edomites to the north, a place named Mount Seir in the north, Edomite entities around the Middle East and in the North, Idamarez (i.e. Edom-land), and other areas pertaining to Edom.
Indications are that the Ten Tribes in their placers of Exile were in some cases to be neighbors of, associated with, Edom.
Stephen Phillips confirms and adds to all these in some detail. We may not agree on every point but on the whole his work has great value and interest.
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(The name "Esau" begins with the letter "ayin"). The Hebrew letter ayyin is a guttural and as such can be interpreted a number of different ways. The name Omri, for example, begins with this letter ayyin. This same name is written Ambri in the Septuagint, Amarinos in Josephus and Khumri in the Assyrian records. Ptolemy called the city of Aroer Kallirhoe. Here, the letter ayyin has become a kappa (Greek :"k") in transliteration. The name Gaza, a name which is three times transliterated as Azzah in the KJV (Deut. 2:23, 1 Kings 4:24 [5:4 in the Tanakh] and Jer. 25:20), likewise begins with this same letter ayyin.
Armed with this information, you do not need a degree in philology to realise that the Hebrew word Seir (Sin-ayyin-yod-reysh) when transliterated into Greek becomes Zagros (i.e. Segir-os). That's right. That 900 mile range of mountains which spans Armenia, Baktria, Babylonia and Assyria, which in the Mari Letters is called Idamarez (i.e. Edom-land), a people occupied by Turukku (i.e. Turks) - THAT is the Biblical Mount Seir! (From what I can gather, the name Turk is probably derived from the Hebrew word Zerach, this being the Edomite duke of that name as recorded in Gen. 36:13.)
Eratosthenes called this mountain range Taurus, this being a phonetic 'corruption' of the name Etser (AV Ezer), as in Etser son of Seir.
The Bit-Iakin who dwelt in southern Babylonia in the early Assyrian period, but had migrated to Elam (now Iran) during the neo-Assyrian period, are descended from Yaakan (AV Jaakan 1 Chron. 1:42), who is also called Akan (Gen. 36:27), the son of Etser, son of Seir.
The Shubaru (var Shupre) who were a constant thorn in the side to the Assyrians were descendants of Duke Shobal. These became the Siberian Turks who settled in Siberia.
The Hurrians who dwelt to the north of the Shubaru are the Biblical Horites. I will return to these Hurrians in a moment.
The kingdoms of Gutium and Sophene were named after the two brothers Gatam and Zepho (Gen. 36:11), the latter being called Zephi in 1 Chron. 1:36. The ancient region of Gutium in southern Greece was also named after Duke Gatam.
The Temanites mentioned by Adad-nirari II who dwelt between the Caspian and Black Sea were descendants of Duke Teman. These are the people Herodotus called Thamaneans (3.93 & 3.117). These same people were called Manneans by Sennacherib and Esarhaddon who conquered the very same region. These Temanites later became the Ottoman Turks.
The region of Colchis, located in the Armenian Iberia, was named after Calchol son of Zerach of the tribe of Judah. This is the person Josephus called Calcheos. (Antiquities 8.43 Loeb Classical Library) This tribe will have been responsible for building the city of Calchis in the region of Chalcidice in Syria. (The 100 cities of Chalcidice in northern Greece were also built by this tribe.) The river Tamar which runs through this region in Syria, a river called Tamyras or Tamuras and whose source was located somewhere near the city Calchis, was clearly named after the matriarch Tamar. That river is even today called Nahr-Damur. (NB: Nahr simply means 'river'.) Anciently, the region of Colchis in Armenia was known as Aiah, named after Duke Aiah. In the Greek tales, Duke Aiah becomes a legendary king by the name of Aeetes. His 'sister' [sic!] Circe is Duke Korah, this being a 'sister tribe'. The Assyrian records inform us that these Korahites dwelt in the 'land of Kirhi' somewhere close to the land of Aiah. Pliny tells us that the "famous city of Aea" (a variant spelling of Aiah) was on the River Phasis "15 miles from the sea, where two very large tributaries join the Phasis from opposite directions, the Hippos and the Cyaneos". (Natural History 4.4 (13).)
To expand on this information further:
ZEUS, who is called the "father of gods AND MEN" by Hesiod (Theogony 45-50), when he was taken to Crete was 'hidden' in Mount IDA. He later went on to rule from Mount OLYMPUS in Greece. (Note that there are numerous mountains called Olympus in Anatolia and in Armenia.)
ZEUS = a phonetic variant spelling of the name ESAU
IDA = ADAH one of the wives of Esau
OLYMPUS = a variant spelling of the name ELIPHAZ, who was the son of Esau and Adah
Rhea, the name of the supposed 'mother' of Zeus, is a Hebrew word meaning shepherd or, in this case, shepherdess - hence the statement by Pausanias that "When Rhea had given birth to Poseidon, she laid him in a flock for him to live there with the lambs". (Description of Greece 8.8.2.) Rhea is often portrayed riding on the back of a lion, the Hebrew word for which is Ariyeh. Rhea/Ariyeh is a typical bardic play on words. Apollodorus records that Aria (more correctly Ἀρείας Areias, a variant spelling of Ariyeh) was the 'mother' of Miletus, one of the tribes who came from Crete. (Library 3.1.2.)
Note that in Syria and Palestine, Zeus was known as Hadad - as in Hadad the Edomite!!
"The worship of [the god] Hadad was widespread in Syria and Palestine, and he was a god of storms or rains, whose symbol was the thunderbolt or the lightning which he holds in his grasp like a fiery sword…
"It is peculiar that while in Assyria and Babylonia Hadad has many of the characteristics of a sun-god, in his old home in Syria he possessed those of a thunder-god who dwelt among the mountains of northern Palestine and Syria and spoke in thunder and wielded the lightning." (Myths of Babylonia and Assyria pp.188-9, Lewis Spence, London, 1920.)
These are the very attributes of Zeus!
The Curetes, the people who gave their name to Crete, were likewise descended from Zeus (= Esau) and Hera (= Hori, son of Lotan, son of Seir). Strabo, who called them Corybantes, informs us:
"Others say that the Korybantes, who came from Baktriana, some say from among the Kolkhians, were given as armed ministers to Rhea by the Titanes." (Geography 10.3.19.)
Slap bang in the middle of these two regions we have the Hurrians, a people you have identified as Horites. The Curetes of Crete were therefore Horites. They were Seirites. Bear in mind that the word Seir means 'goat', so when you read that some writers claim that Zeus was nursed by a 'goat' and by others that he was protected by Curetes, who were Seirites, you can see what has happened here , can't you?
I could continue and demonstrate that these Edomites went on to control most of eastern Europe, but I think that I have made my point. Think about what I am telling you here. Everyone looks at that small part of Edom which was to the south-east of Jerusalem and which is called the land of Edom in 1 Kings 9:26 and think that Edom was a small insignificant group of tribes. When you realise that the Zagros Mountains are the Biblical Mount Seir, it completely changes your perspective. People likewise think that Israel was a small insignificant group of tribes. Nothing could be further from the truth. It certainly does not help when people are calling these Israelite tribes either Canaanite or Yaphetites!
The Dorians were Israelites from the city of Dor in northern Israel.
Corinth was originally called Ephyra, which is a variant spelling of the name Ephraim. The city is said to have been built by someone called Sisyphus. If the name had been written Josephus, everyone would have recognised the founder as being the tribe of Joseph. Note that Josephus claimed that King Solomon's palace, which must still have been observable in his day, was of Corinthian design. (Antiquities 8.5.2 Whiston.) Herodotus tells us that these Ephyraeans were also known as Gephyraeans. (Histories 5.57.) Strabo tells us that they were also know as Tanagreans. (Geography 9.2.10.) The name Tanager is a variant spelling of the Hebrew name Shinar. When we are told that Ephyra was a daughter of the River Okeanus (Pausanias, Description of Greece 2.1.1) and Hesiod informs us that the River Okeanus gave birth to 3,000 'daughters' and an innumerable number of 'sons', this makes perfect sense when you realise that the River Okeanus is the River Euphrates.
Athens was named after Ethan son of Zerach of the tribe of Judah. These original inhabitants of Athens were known as Elektrids, where Elektra means bright and shining and has exactly the same meaning as the Hebrew word Zerach. A breakaway faction of these Elektrids settled in northern Anatolia where they built the city of Dardanus, naming the city after their progenitor Darda, a person called Dara in the First Book of Chronicles and Dardanus by Josephus. Note that all three of these variant spellings (i.e. Darda, Dara and Dardanus) appear interchangeably in the Irish records, though they might not be recognisable in their Gaelic forms. Despite you objections, the Athenian law is loosely based on the law of Moses.
The Boeotians who built the city of Ascra (= Issachar) in Greece were named after Baasha their king. Boeotia is merely a phonetic variation on this name. Some of these Boeotians settled in southern Spain for a time even giving their name to the River Baetis.
The regions of Epirus and Acarnania in northern Greece were also founded by these Dorians from the tribe of Ephraim who abandoned the city of Corinth leaving it to the Edomite population who renamed the city Corinth after "Corinthus [i.e. Duke Cheran] son of Zeus". (Pausanias, Description of Greece 2.1.1)
I could go on. We are not talking about some small number of migrating tribes here. We are talking about MASSIVE movements of Israelite tribes. It has not helped that archaeologists have made such a colossal mess of the archaeological record by pushing back the foundation of the Greek states to some ridiculously early period of history. Even Josephus did not have a clue as to the migrations which had already occurred before his day. The Flood of Deucalion (i.e. Duke Elon) occurred during the time Sennacherib was king of Assyria. This flood wiped out the inhabitants of Greece. The first settlers to arrive came from the Euphrates AFTER the Assyrian invasions which saw the northern Ten Tribes being taken into captivity. The tribes of Naphtali were instrumental in transporting many of these tribes across the seas. When you realise the part these Israelite tribes - ALL OF THEM - played in the formation of the European nations, it is staggering. It is even more staggering that people do not even know any of this.