Thumbnail Biographies of VIPS Mentioned in Brit-Am Researchs.
List is roughly in Alphabetic Order.
KOESTLER. Arthur Koestler (1905-1983) was an Hungarian Jew. His father was wealthy but supported the Communist takeover of Hungary by Bela Khun in 1919. In 1926 he dropped out of University in Vienna and moved to Palestine where he stayed in a Kibbutz, then left and took odd jobs to survive and nearly starved. Koestler ultimately became a successful journalist. He wavered between left and right-wing viewpoints. He moved to Germany then tot he Soviet union in the 1930s. In 1933 he moved to Paris as a Communist Agent pretending to have rightwing views. After 1940 he moved to Britain and worked against Nazism and Fascism.
He visited Palestine in 1944 and met Menachem Begin trying to persuade him to abandon terrorism and accept a two-state solution. Koestler wrote several books that were well received. He moved between France and Britain eventually settling in Britain. After 1050 Koestler became an anti-Communist activist.
Koestler was described as an "advocate of Lamarckian evolution, and a critic of Darwinian natural selection as well as a believer in psychic phenomena".
In 1955, referring to the Balfour Declaration Koestler stated, "one nation solemnly promised to a second nation the country of a third."
In The Thirteenth Tribe (1976) Koestler advanced a theory that Ashkenazi Jews are descended, not from the Israelites of antiquity, but from the Khazars, whom he considered to have been a non-Israelite Turkic people in the Caucasus that converted to Judaism in the 700s. This work relies heavily on entries in the Soviet Encyclopedia. Koestler argued that proof that Ashkenazi Jews have no biological connection to Biblical Jews would remove the racial basis of European anti-Semitism. "The Thirteen Tribe" was later uploaded to the Internet and available for free downloading. It was immensely popular especially among anti-Semites and Palestinian sympathizers of Palestinian terrorists.
Koestler and his wife both committed suicide 1983.