Brit-Am Anthropology, DNA Update, and Creation Science
9 January 2023; 16 Tevet, 5783.
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Contents:
1. The Continents are Moving! Ancient Sources Confirm Modern Science!
2. Afrikaners (Boers) from South Africa. Mixed Sources. Extracts.
3. Could Horizontal Gene Transfer (instead of Evolution) account for changes in YDNA and MtDNA haplogoups?
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1. The Continents are Moving! Ancient Sources Confirm Modern Science!
Extracts:
# In the 1960s convincing evidence showed the continents were moving and the Theory of Plate Tectonics was proposed that suggests currents of molten magma beneath the earth's surface caused land masses that the continents rest upon to drift apart.
# The Iben Ezra [1089-1167 CE] teaches us that origially HaShem made one continent which he then split up into seven. Similarly we learn how the earth is divided into floating plates. In [Midrash] Pirkei d'Rabbi Eliezer it says:
"The earth is made up of plates covering its depths, as a ship that floats on the sea." Source: The Spring Hill Times no. 72, quoting from "The Wonders of Creation. Student Edition."
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2. Afrikaners (Boers) from South Africa. Mixed Sources. Extracts.
Patterns of African and Asian admixture in the Afrikaner population of South Africa
N. Hollfelder, J. C. Erasmus, etc.
https://bmcbiol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12915-020-0746-1
Extracts:
The Afrikaner population of South Africa is the descendants of European colonists who started to colonize the Cape of Good Hope in the 1600s. In the early days of the colony, mixed unions between European males and non-European females gave rise to admixed children who later became incorporated into either the Afrikaner or the Coloured populations of South Africa. Differences in ancestry, social class, culture, sex ratio and geographic structure led to distinct and characteristic admixture patterns in the Afrikaner and Coloured populations. The Afrikaner population has a predominant European composition, whereas the Coloured population has more diverse ancestries. Genealogical records previously estimated the contribution of non-Europeans into the Afrikaners to be between 5.5 and 7.2%.
.... We found that the majority of Afrikaner ancestry (average 95.3%) came from European populations (specifically northwestern European populations), but that almost all Afrikaners had admixture from non-Europeans. The non-European admixture originated mostly from people who were brought to South Africa as slaves and, to a lesser extent, from local Khoe-San groups [Bushmen and Hottentots].
The seventeenth-century European colonization of the southern tip of Africa resulted in the influx of two groups of people, European colonists and slaves. The subsequent admixture between these external groups and the local southern African Khoe-San populations resulted in two admixed populations, the Afrikaner population and the Coloured population of South Africa...
Estimates, based on genealogical research, vary but Dutch, German and French respectively contributed 34-37%, 27-34% and 13-26%....While the DEIC [Dutch East India Company] did not encourage admixture with local populations and slaves, the strongly male-biased ratio of immigrants led to mixed-ancestry unions [32], especially between European males and non-European females [33]. The offspring from these unions were frequently absorbed into the Afrikaner population [9]. As time progressed, relationships between Europeans and non-Europeans became more infrequent [9], and as early as 1685, marriages between Europeans and non-Europeans were outlawed (marriages to admixed individuals, with some European ancestry, were still allowed though) [33]. In early colonial times, mixed marriages were more acceptable than later on, and due to the population's fast growth rate, early unions likely contributed exponentially more to the Afrikaner population. Elphick and Shell [32] distinguish two admixture patterns in Afrikaners based on historical records, in Cape Town and the surrounding area admixture was predominantly between European men and female slaves or former slaves, and in the outlying areas between European pastoralist frontier farmers ('trekboere') and Khoe-San women.
Shell [4] claimed that from 1658 to 1807, roughly a quarter of the slaves in the Cape colony came from Africa, Madagascar, South Asia and Southeast Asia each. Slave trade in the Cape was stopped in 1807, and slavery as such was stopped in 1834. Worden [11, 12] estimated that more slaves came from Asia, specifically South Asia, and fewer from Madagascar and Africa...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaners
It originated from the Dutch vernacular of South Holland, incorporating words brought from the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia) and Madagascar by slaves Afrikaners make up approximately 5.2% of the total South African population, based upon the number of White South Africans who speak Afrikaans as a first language in the South African National Census of 2011.
... a majority of Afrikaners are descended from progenitors who arrived prior to 1700 in general and the late 1600s in particular. Although some two-thirds of this figure were Dutch-speaking Hollanders, there were at least 150 Huguenots and a nearly equal number of Low German speakers. Also represented in smaller numbers were Swedes, Danes, and Belgians.
White population in the British Cape Colony, 1806
Ancestry Percentage
Dutch 50.0%
German 27.0%
French 17.0%
Scandinavian, Belgian, other 5.5%
2001 Census[
Afrikaners make up approximately 58% of South Africa's white population....
According to a genetic study in February 2019, almost all Afrikaners have admixture from non-Europeans. The total amount of non-European ancestry - on average - is 4.8%, of which 2.1% are of African ancestry and 2.7% Asian/Native American ancestry.
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3. Could Horizontal Gene Transfer (instead of evolution) account for changes in YDNA and MtDNA haplogoups?
DNA Science divides mankind accoding to DNA Haplogroups. It is assumed that these evovled from each other.
This goes more or less from simpler alignments to more complex ones. Most Peoples we identify as belonging to the Ten Tribes belong to Male YHaplogroup R whereas Jews are more prevalent in the E, G, I, J, groups. it is assumed that those lower donw thel ist evovled from those higher up.
This is an Evolution-derived Theory. There is however NO PROOF for Evolution. It has never been proved. Horizontal Gene Transfer has however been proved and it could account for one type changing into the other within a few a few generations or even days!
Here are some extracts from relevant sources:
See:
YDNA Reversed.
Was the ADAM of DNA West European?
https://www.britam.org/DNA/YDNAreverse.html
Horizontal Gene Transfers occur when a segment of DNA moves from one body to another and is incorporated within the new one.
See:
DNA Can Change!
https://hebrewnations.com/articles/race/transpos.html articles/race/
It used to be thought that only ca. 8% of DNA changes is due to Horizontal Gene Transfers but now it seems to be much greater.
Nevertheless,
# Nearly all of the proposed 8% Horizontal Gene Transfers [HGT] consists of nonfunctional sequences," (i.e they are part of the so-called Junk DNA which is used for DNA haplogroup Racial classifications!
# They estimated that there may be hundreds of human genes that came about through HGT.#
# Humans, apes, Chinese hamsters, lizards, and lamprey have a particular DNA sequence but other mammals and birds don't. This means that either this DNA evolved, separately, several times or else these species got this gene in a nonstandard way. #
"Horizontal gene transfer is not a hypothesis. It is an empirically observed fact. We know it exists. We have seen it happening in real time. We have recreated it in the lab," Keith Robison.
cf.
BAMAD-147.
#3. Human Racial Adaptations
(a) Bajau of Borneo, eyes that see underwater.
(b) Tibetans, antelopes, and pigs show the same adaptations to altitude!